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Lesson 3
Planning an IP Addressing and Subnetting Strategy
2-25
Lesson 3: Planning an IP Addressing and Subnetting Strategy
Once you have determined what types of IP addresses your network will use
and have
decided how many LANs you are going to create and how you’re going to
connect
them, you can begin the process of calculating the network’s IP addresses,
subnet
masks, and default gateway addresses. You can also plan how the network
administra-
tors are actually going to perform the TCP/IP configuration tasks.
After this lesson, you will be able to
■ Understand how to subnet a network
■ Calculate a subnet mask
■ Calculate IP addresses on subnetted networks
Estimated lesson time: 30 minutes
Obtaining Network Addresses
In Lesson 1 of this chapter, you learned about the circumstances under which
to use
registered and unregistered IP addresses, and you have presumably used this
informa-
tion to design a network infrastructure in which the computers use the
appropriate
address types. If some or all of your computers require registered IP
addresses, you can
obtain them in one of two forms, depending on how many addresses you need.
Planning
If you need only a few registered addresses, you can obtain them singly from
your
ISP along with an appropriate subnet mask, although you will almost
certainly have to pay an
extra monthly fee for them. If the computers requiring the registered
address are all on the
same LAN and must communicate with each other, be sure that you obtain
addresses in the
same subnet. If you need a large number of registered IP addresses, you can
obtain a net-
work address from the ISP and use it to create as many host addresses as you
need.
A network address is the network identifier portion of an IP address plus a
subnet
mask. For example, if your ISP were to assign you the network address
192.168.65.0,
with a subnet mask of 255.255.255.0, you can assign IP addresses ranging
from
192.168.65.1 to 192.168.65.254 to your computers. The network address you
receive
from the ISP depends on the class of the address and on the number of
computers you
have requiring registered addresses.
Off the Record
In practice, the network address your ISP assigns you will not be part of
the private address range used in this example. Also, it will probably be
more complex than
the address shown here, because the ISP will be assigning you only a small
portion of the
addresses assigned to them.
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