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Lesson 4
Troubleshooting TCP/IP Routing
5-43
Lesson 4: Troubleshooting TCP/IP Routing
The Routing and Remote Access service is one of the more complex components
in
Windows Server 2003. Because RRAS can perform so many functions, it has a
large
number of configurable settings. Even a minor misconfiguration can prevent
the
server from routing traffic properly. The TCP/IP implementation in Windows
Server
2003 includes a variety of tools that you can use to troubleshoot RRAS and
its various
functions.
After this lesson, you will be able to
■ Use TCP/IP tools to isolate a router problem
■ Check an RRAS installation for configuration problems
■ Troubleshoot static and dynamic routing problems
Estimated lesson time: 20 minutes
Isolating Router Problems
In most cases, administrators discover router problems when communications
fail
between computers on the network. However, once the troubleshooter suspects
that
there might be a routing problem, the next step is to determine which router
is mal-
functioning. Some of the TCP/IP tools in the Windows operating system that
can help
you in this respect are discussed in the following sections.
Using Ping.exe
PING is the standard TCP/IP tool for testing connectivity; virtually every
TCP/IP client
includes a PING implementation. In the Windows operating systems, PING takes
the
form of a command line program called Ping.exe. By typing ping followed by
an IP
address on the command line, you can test any TCP/IP system’s connectivity
with any
other system.
Note
PING functions by transmitting a series of Echo Request messages containing
a sam-
ple of random data to the destination you specify, using the Internet
Control Message Proto-
col (ICMP). The system that receives the Echo Request messages is required
to generate an
Echo Reply message for each request that contains the same data sample and
return the
messages to the sender.
Compared to other tools, PING has limited utility when you are trying to
locate a mal-
functioning router. You might be able to ping a router’s IP address
successfully even
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