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1-28
Chapter 1
Planning a Network Topology
addressing system, as TCP/IP does. IPX uses the hardware address coded into
each
computer’s network interface adapter to identify that system on the network.
Although it is possible to use the IPX protocols alone for Windows file
sharing, few
network administrators do this. IPX does not provide the Internet
connectivity that
most networks need. In most cases, administrators use IPX only for NetWare
connec-
tivity in cases where all NetWare servers are not and cannot be configured
to use TCP/
IP. For example, if a network still has a few old NetWare version 3.x
servers that users
need to access occasionally, the design might call for the installation of
the IPX proto-
cols on the workstations, but in most cases the computers will have TCP/IP
or NetBEUI
installed as well for native Windows communications.
Using NetBEUI
NetBEUI was the default networking protocol of the Windows NT 3.1 and
Windows for
Workgroups operating systems when these systems were first released in 1993.
At the
time, PC networking was in its infancy; networks were relatively small and
centrally
located. NetBEUI uses the NetBIOS namespace to identify the computers on a
network,
a practice that Windows retained until the release of Windows 2000, which
switched to
the DNS namespace. Windows Server 2003 still includes support for NetBIOS
naming,
but the operating system no longer includes the NetBEUI protocol module.
Tip
Although Windows Server 2003 does not include NetBEUI, there are still
occasions
when you might want to install the protocol, such as for testing whether a
network
communications problem is being caused by a TCP/IP configuration error or a
network
hardware fault. You can still install the NetBEUI module on a Windows Server
2003 computer,
using the installation files included with Windows XP Professional or
Windows XP Home
Edition. These files are located in the \Valueadd\Msft\Net\Netbeui folder on
the Windows XP
distribution CD-ROM.
NetBEUI is a relatively simple networking protocol that provides basic file
sharing ser-
vices for Windows computers. NetBEUI is a single protocol—not a suite—and
does not
require any individual configuration, as TCP/IP does. This is because
NetBEUI uses the
NetBIOS name specified by the installer during the Windows Setup procedure
as the
computer’s identifier on the network. NetBEUI also cannot provide Internet
connectiv-
ity as TCP/IP can.
NetBEUI is intended for use on small LANs and is not suitable for a large
enterprise net-
work. This is because the NetBEUI protocol cannot route traffic between
networks and
therefore cannot support internetwork traffic. Both TCP/IP and IPX use
separate iden-
tifiers for the network and for the individual computers on the network. A
single IP
address contains both a network and a host identifier. IPX uses the hardware
address
to identify the computer, and the NetWare installer assigns another address
to each
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