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Glossary
G-31
MD5
See Message Digest 5 (MD5).
media In networking, a term used to describe the hardware mechanism for
carrying
data that computers and other network devices use to send information to
each
other. In computers, a term used to describe a means of storing data
permanently,
such as a hard or floppy disk.
Media Access Control (MAC) A method by which computers determine when they
can transmit data over a shared network medium. When multiple computers are
connected to a single network segment, two computers transmitting data at
the
same time cause a collision, which destroys the data. The MAC mechanism
implemented in the data-link layer protocol prevents these collisions from
occurring or permits them to occur in a controlled manner. The MAC mechanism
is the defining characteristic of a data-link layer local area network (LAN)
protocol.
The two most common MAC mechanisms in use today are Carrier Sense Multiple
Access with Collision Detection (CSMA/CD), which is used by Ethernet
networks,
and token passing, which is used by Token Ring and Fiber Distributed Data
Interface (FDDI) networks, among others.
Media Access Control (MAC) sublayer One of the two sublayers of the
data-link
layer defined by the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE)
802
standards. The MAC sublayer defines the mechanism used to regulate access to
the network medium. See also Logical Link Control (LLC) sublayer.
member server A computer that runs Microsoft Windows Server 2003 but is not
a
domain controller of a Windows Server 2003 domain. Member servers
participate
in a domain but do not store a copy of the directory database. For a member
server, permissions can be set on resources that allow users to connect to
the
server and use its resources. Resource permissions can be granted for domain
global groups and users as well as for local groups and users.
Message Digest 5 (MD5) A 128-bit hashing scheme developed by RSA Security
Inc.
and used by various Point-to-Point (PPP) vendors for encrypted
authentication.
Metric A field in a Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)
computer’s routing table that contains a value rating the relative
efficiency of a
particular route. When routing packets, a router scans its routing table for
the
desired destination, and if two routes to that destination are listed in the
table, the
router chooses the one with the lowest metric value. Depending on how the
routing information is inserted into the table, the metric can represent the
number
of hops needed to reach the destination network, or it can contain a value
that
reflects the actual time needed to reach the destination.
metropolitan area network (MAN) A data network that services an area larger
than a local area network (LAN) and smaller than a wide area network (WAN).
Most MANs today service communities, towns, or cities and are operated by
cable
television companies using fiber-optic cable.
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