Lesson 1

Selecting Computers and Operating Systems

8-5

applications to high-powered computers performing complex graphics, video, and

computer-aided design (CAD) functions.

At the low end, workstations require little more than the basic components needed to

run the operating system. If you want the users to be limited to a specific workstation

configuration, you might even want to omit the CD-ROM and floppy disk drives, so

they cannot install their own applications or boot the computer with another operating

system. Workstations that have to perform resource-intensive tasks can start to look a

lot like servers in terms of processor speed, amount of memory, and disk capacity, but

they don’t typically have the same availability requirements as a server.

The basic function of a desktop workstation on a network is to access server applica-

tions or files stored on servers so that the user can work with the data. Here again, the

capabilities of the workstation are defined by the applications it runs. In some cases,

the applications your workstations use are dictated by the applications you selected for

your servers. For example, you might have to run a specific client program to connect

to a server application.

Understanding the Portable Workstation’s Role

Portable workstations can also perform a number of different roles, depending on the

needs of the users. In most cases, a portable workstation refers to a notebook com-

puter, but personal digital assistants (PDAs) and other handhelds are becoming viable

options for the traveling user. In some cases, portable computers must be capable of

supporting all the functions of a desktop workstation, while other users prefer to sac-

rifice functionality for a smaller size and less weight.

Creating Hardware Specifications

Creating hardware specifications before you begin evaluating computers for your net-

work enables you to decide which components a computer needs to fulfill a particular

role. Administering a large fleet of computers is easiest when you define your comput-

ers’ roles and standardize the hardware and software needed for each role. This way,

support personnel know what to expect when they troubleshoot a problem.

Server Hardware Specifications

When you create the hardware specification for a server, you must consider the

requirements and capabilities of the applications that the server will run. Computers

that are marketed as servers typically have more robust power supplies than normal

PCs. A server might also have integrated components not usually found in a worksta-

tion, such as network interface adapters, SCSI host adapters, and drive arrays.